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A step-by-step guide for harnessing ChatGPT and deploying in Flask App

All of us are quite fascinated by the technology behind ChatGPT and the potential it holds for the future. However testing ChatGPT for leisure and adopting it are two different stories. In this blog post, we will discuss the process of custom training the ChatGPT (text-davinci-003) model, including data pre-processing, training, validation, and deployment using a Flask chat app. The Advance Analytics team, Data Analytics Practice of AchieveX Solutions Pvt Ltd ( Hyperlink will be added), is receiving quite a few requests already for some proof of concepts around this technological wonder. In this blog post, we would like to give a rough sketch of our approach, which can help the community

Get the OpenAI API key:

Before we get started, you will need an OpenAI API key to access the ChatGPT model. If you don't have an API key already, you can get one by following these steps:

Go to the OpenAI website and create an account.

Navigate to the "API Keys" tab in the dashboard.

Click on the "Create new API key" button.
Follow the instructions to create a new API key.

Once you have your API key, you can use it to access the ChatGPT model and perform custom training.

Dataset preparation:

To create a prompt-completion dataset CSV file for custom training of the ChatGPT "text-davinci-003" model, you can follow these steps:

• Identify the domain and topics for which you want to create the chatbot. For example, if you are creating a chatbot for customer support, you may want to focus on common customer queries and responses.
• Use a text generation tool or manually create a list of prompts related to the domain and topics identified in step 1. These prompts should be short and specific, and should ideally cover a range of possible customer queries.
• Use the OpenAI GPT-3 API to generate completions for each prompt. The completion should be a response to the prompt that is consistent with the domain and topics identified in step 1.
• Store the prompts and corresponding completions in a CSV file with two columns: "prompt" and "completion". Each row in the CSV file should contain a single prompt and its corresponding completion.
• Repeat steps 2-4 until you have a sufficient number of prompts and completions to train the ChatGPT model. The number of prompts required will depend on the complexity of the domain and topics, as well as the desired accuracy of the chatbot.
• Once you have created the CSV file containing the prompt-completion dataset, you can use it to train the ChatGPT "text-davinci-003" model using the steps outlined in the blog post.

Let's jump into coding!

Installing and importing necessary dependencies:

In order to ensure that the dataset used for custom chatbot training is not lost upon the end of a Google Colab runtime, it is necessary to mount Google Drive to the Colab environment. This will allow the dataset to be safely stored in Google Drive, and accessed for training purposes whenever required.

Next, we will proceed with the installation of OpenAI version 0.27.0 by utilizing the pip command. This will enable us to access the necessary tools and resources required for the successful implementation of custom chatbot training with OpenAI.

For efficient manipulation of the CSV file containing the prompt-completion dataset, we will incorporate the use of the Pandas library. This powerful tool provides an extensive range of functions and features for effective data handling and analysis, ensuring that we can effectively preprocess and prepare the dataset for training our custom ChatGPT model.

To enable access to the OpenAI API key for integration into the training process, we need to first assign the key to a variable using the following command: "openai.api_key = ""
Additionally, we must also execute the command: "!export OPENAI_API_KEY=""
to set the OpenAI API key as an environment variable within the Colab runtime environment.

Data Pre-processing:

Before training the ChatGPT Davinci model, it is essential to pre-process the data. The preprocessing step involves data augmentation and data cleaning.

A. Data Loading: Here, we are reading the CSV file containing the prompt-completion dataset using Pandas library's ‘read_csv’ function, and storing the resulting DataFrame object in ‘df’ variable. We have also utilized the ‘skipinitialspace’ parameter to ensure that any extraneous white spaces at the beginning of each field are ignored during parsing.

B. Data Augmentation: HData augmentation is the process of generating additional training data from existing data. In the case of ChatGPT, data augmentation can be done by paraphrasing the input text in all possible ways. This helps to increase the diversity and robustness of the data, leading to better model performance. The augmented data can then be saved as a CSV file with separate columns for prompts and completions.

As our dataset contains a sufficient amount of data for custom chatbot training purposes, there is no need for data augmentation techniques to be implemented. We can instead proceed directly to the data cleaning.

B. Data Cleaning: Data cleaning involves the process of removing any unnecessary or irrelevant data from the dataset. This can include removing duplicate data, correcting errors, and eliminating outliers. In the case of ChatGPT, data cleaning involves removing all white spaces, removing duplicate data, and lowercasing the prompt and completion columns.

We then clean the prompt and completion columns of any white space using the str.strip() method to ensure consistency in the dataset.

In order to ensure that the prompt and completion fields in our dataset are uniformly lowercase, we have utilized the Pandas 'apply' function in conjunction with a lambda function that converts all entries in the DataFrame to strings and applies the 'str.lower()' method to convert all text to lowercase. This will help in ensuring that the chatbot's responses are consistent in style and tone, regardless of the input text.

To further clean the prompt column of the dataset, we have utilized the Pandas 'str.replace()' method to remove any non-alphanumeric characters from the text data. This is accomplished by specifying a regular expression pattern '[^\w\s]', which matches any character that is not a word character or whitespace. The 'str.replace()' method replaces any matches found in the prompt column with an empty string, resulting in a clean and uniform dataset for training our custom ChatGPT model.

In order to prepare the prompt-completion dataset for training our custom ChatGPT model, we have utilized the Pandas library to concatenate two strings to the 'prompt' and 'completion' columns respectively. Specifically, we have appended the string '" \n\n###\n\n"' to the end of each prompt entry and the string '" END"' to the end of each completion entry.

This step is necessary to ensure that each prompt and its corresponding completion are clearly separated from each other in the training data, and to help the model learn to generate a coherent response to a given prompt.

Once we have preprocessed our dataset, we can save it as a new CSV file using the 'to_csv()' method from the Pandas library. In this example, we have saved the preprocessed DataFrame as a new file named 'test.csv'. This file can then be used for training our custom ChatGPT model.

The 'openai tools fine_tunes.prepare_data' command is used to prepare the preprocessed dataset file for training the custom ChatGPT model. This command is executed in the command line interface, and takes the preprocessed dataset file (in this case, 'test.csv') as an input using the '-f' flag.

The 'prepare_data' command will preprocess the input data file and create a new output file with additional metadata needed for training, including information about the size and encoding of the dataset, as well as any special tokens used in the dataset.

Note that the 'openai tools' command line interface requires that the OpenAI API key be properly configured in order to authenticate the user and allow access to the fine-tuning tools.

Training:

After preprocessing the data, it is time to train the ChatGPT Davinci model. The training step involves fine-tuning the pre-trained ChatGPT model on the specific dataset, visualizing the performance of the model, and validating the model on the original data.

A. Fine-tune pretrained ChatGPT model(text-davinci-003): Fine-tuning involves training the pre-trained ChatGPT model on a specific dataset. This involves using the Davinci-3 engine to fine-tune the model on the specific dataset, which will improve its ability to generate appropriate responses to different inputs.

The 'os.environ' method is used in Python to set environment variables, which can be accessed by other programs or processes running on the same machine.

In this case, we are setting the 'OPENAI_API_KEY' environment variable to a string value that represents a placeholder API key. This is typically done in order to configure access to an external service or resource that requires authentication, such as the OpenAI API key that is required for fine-tuning the ChatGPT model.

This command is using the OpenAI CLI tool to initiate the fine-tuning process of the ChatGPT model using the prepared dataset 'test_prepared.jsonl'.

The 'davinci' model is being used for fine-tuning, which is the most powerful and accurate version of the GPT model family provided by OpenAI.

The '--n_epochs 2' option specifies that the fine-tuning process will be run for a total of 2 epochs. An epoch is a complete iteration through the entire training dataset.

B. Visualization: Visualization is the process of creating graphs, charts, or other visual representations of data. This can help you understand the performance of the model and identify areas for improvement. In the case of ChatGPT, visualization can be done by plotting the loss and accuracy of the model during training.

C. Fine-tune model validation on original data(prompt): Once the model is fine-tuned, it is important to validate its performance on the original dataset. This involves using the original dataset to evaluate the model's accuracy, precision, and recall. In the case of ChatGPT, model validation can be done by evaluating the model's response to specific prompts in the original dataset.

To see the working result of the generate_gpt3_response function, you can call the function with a prompt and print the result. For example:

You can change the prompt to any text you want to generate a response for.

Deployment using Flask chat app:

After the model is fine-tuned and validated, it is time to deploy it using a Flask chat app. Flask is a lightweight web framework that can be used to develop web applications in Python. To deploy the ChatGPT text-davinci-003 model using Flask, follow these steps:
Step 1: Create a new Flask project with a route for handling chatbot requests.
Step 2: Import the necessary libraries for loading the trained model and processing user inputs. Step 3: Load the trained model using the OPENAI library and define a function for generating responses to user inputs.
Step 4: Define a function to handle user inputs and return the appropriate response.
Step 5: Run the Flask app and test it by sending user inputs and receiving responses from the chatbot.

It is not necessary to have an 'index.html' file specifically for deploying a Flask app on Flux. However, you will need to have a 'main.py' file that contains the Flask app and any necessary dependencies installed, such as the OpenAI API module. You will also need to set the 'FLASK_APP' environment variable to the name of the Flask app file, in this case 'main.py', using the command export 'FLASK_APP=main.py'.

Conclusion

Custom training of ChatGPT text-davinci-003 model can help businesses and industries to create more accurate and effective chatbots. In this blog post, we discussed the step-by-step process of custom training the ChatGPT text-davinci-003 model, including data pre-processing, training, validation, and deployment using Flask chat app. By following these steps, businesses and industries can fine-tune the pre-trained ChatGPT model to their specific needs, and deploy it using a Flask chat app to automate their customer support and other online interactions. The use of custom chatbots can improve customer satisfaction, reduce response times, and increase productivity, making it a valuable investment for any business or industry.

The Rise of Sentiment Analysis: How it's Shaping the Future of Business Analysis

In the fast-paced digital world of the twenty-first century, businesses are always seeking innovative ways to stay ahead of the competition. Sentiment analysis, a powerful tool that uses AI and machine learning to comprehend customer emotions, opinions, and behaviors, is one such technique that is gaining immense popularity. From analyzing social media conversations to forecasting market trends, sentiment analysis is revolutionizing business analysis. In this article, we'll discuss how sentiment analysis is shaping the future of business analytics and why it's becoming an essential component of contemporary businesses. Prepare yourself for a deep dive into this fascinating subject!

What is Sentiment Analysis?

In recent years, sentiment analysis has emerged as a powerful method for comprehending the emotional tone of digital content. There are three categories of sentiment: positive, negative, and neutral. The most prevalent type, neutral sentiment reflects the general attitude of an individual or group towards a topic. Organizational business analysis has already begun to be significantly impacted by sentiment analysis. For instance, social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter are continuously analyzing user sentiment to enhance their services. This procedure entails identifying negative comments and removing them from public view before they can harm the company's reputation. In addition, it is essential to monitor positive feedback in order to determine which campaigns are successful and which need improvement.

Businesses also use sentiment analysis to better comprehend their customers. By monitoring customer sentiment trends over time, businesses can determine which marketing strategies are effective and which need to be modified. In order to increase sales volumes, they can also determine which products are selling well and which ones require more attention.

Overall, sentiment analysis has a substantial impact on business operations in all economic sectors. Sentiment Analysis will grow in significance as technology advances and businesses rely more on digital content for communication and marketing.

How Can a Business Analyst Use Sentiment Analysis?

Let's explore some of the key areas where sentiment analysis can be used in a service-based industry:

• Customer feedback analysis:
  AI and ML can be utilized to analyze customer feedback from social media, reviews, and customer service interactions. Businesses can identify areas for improvement and take corrective action to address customer concerns if they comprehend customer sentiment and feedback.
• Brand monitoring:
  AI and ML can be used to monitor social media and online forums in order to understand the sentiment of customers towards a brand or product. By gaining an understanding of customer sentiment and feedback, businesses can proactively address negative sentiment and enhance their brand reputation.
  
  A restaurant chain, for instance, can use sentiment analysis to monitor social media and online forums to determine how customers feel about their food and service. If there are negative comments or reviews, the restaurant chain can take measures to improve the quality of their food and service.
• Customer service analysis:
  AI and ML can be used to analyze customer service interactions in order to comprehend customer sentiment and identify improvement opportunities. By understanding how customers feel about their interactions with customer service, businesses can take corrective measures to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty.
  
  Using sentiment analysis, for instance, a telecommunications company can analyze customer service interactions to identify common complaints and issues. The business can then take corrective measures to address these issues and enhance customer satisfaction.

Future Scope of Enhancement of Sentiment Analysis using AI and ML

The future scope of sentiment analysis using AI and ML is vast, and there are several areas where further enhancements can be made:

• Multilingual sentiment analysis:
  AI and ML can be used to perform sentiment analysis in multiple languages, enabling businesses to analyze customer sentiment in various markets and regions.
  
  
• Real-time sentiment analysis:
  AI and ML can be used to perform real-time sentiment analysis, allowing businesses to respond to customer complaints and feedback in real-time and increase customer satisfaction.
  
  
• Emotion detection:
  AI and ML can be used to detect emotions such as anger, frustration, and happiness, enabling businesses to gain a more in-depth understanding of customer sentiment and take the necessary steps to increase customer satisfaction.
  
  
• Advantages of Sentiment Analysis:
  In business analysis and marketing, sentiment analysis has become a crucial tool. It can be utilized to analyze customer sentiment in order to gain a deeper understanding of how they feel about a product or service.

Utilizing sentiment analysis in business has a number of advantages. Sentiment can assist you in identifying negative sentiment and determining how to respond. For instance, if you observe a large number of negative comments about your product on social media, you may want to consider implementing modifications to increase customer satisfaction.

• Improved customer experience: By analyzing customer sentiment and feedback in real-time,businesses can quickly identify and resolve problems before they escalate, resulting in increased customer satisfaction and loyalty. Using sentiment analysis, a hotel chain, for instance, can monitor customer feedback and swiftly address negative comments about room cleanliness or service.
• Cost savings: By automating the analysis of massive amounts of customer feedback data, sentiment analysis can help businesses save money. This can reduce the need for manual analysis and expedite the identification of patterns and insights by businesses. Using sentiment analysis, for instance, an insurance company can analyze customer feedback from surveys and reduce the need for manual analysis.
• Competitive advantage: Businesses can distinguish themselves from competitors and gain a competitive advantage by analyzing customer sentiment and feedback. A retail company, for instance, can use sentiment analysis to identify common complaints about competitors and address them in its own marketing and customer service efforts.
• Real-time insights: Sentiment analysis provides businesses with real-time insights into customer sentiment, enabling them to respond swiftly to customer concerns and feedback. Using sentiment analysis, for instance, a restaurant chain can monitor social media platforms and quickly respond to negative comments about food quality or service..
• Improved marketing effectiveness: Sentiment analysis provides businesses with real-time insights into customer sentiment, enabling them to respond swiftly to customer concerns and feedback. Using sentiment analysis, for instance, a restaurant chain can monitor social media platforms and quickly respond to negative comments about food quality or service.
• Increased efficiency: By automating the analysis of massive amounts of customer feedback data, sentiment analysis can help businesses save time and money. This can free up employees' time to concentrate on other aspects of the business. Using sentiment analysis, for instance, a telecommunications company can analyze customer feedback from call center interactions and reduce the need for manual analysis.

Disadvantages of Sentiment Analysis

However, sentiment analysis also has a number of drawbacks. First, it can be difficult to get accurate sentiment data. Secondly, analyzing large volumes of data can be both costly and time-consuming. Finally, when analyzing sentiment data, emotion can trump facts, leading to inaccurate conclusions.

• Limited accuracy: It can be difficult to precisely interpret human emotion and context, making sentiment analysis not always 100 percent accurate. For instance, it can be difficult for sentiment analysis tools to accurately identify sarcasm or irony.
• Bias: The data that sentiment analysis tools are trained on can introduce bias into their results. For instance, a sentiment analysis tool trained on customer feedback from a specific region or demographic may not accurately reflect the sentiment of a larger customer base.
• Lack of nuance: Complex issues can be oversimplified by sentiment analysis, which lacks nuance. For instance, if a customer leaves a review that mentions both positive and negative aspects of a product or service, sentiment analysis tools may only detect the overall sentiment and miss crucial details.

Conclusion

In the near future, sentiment analysis will have a significant impact on how organizations analyze business data. As more and more businesses migrate to digital platforms, the ability to identify consumer sentiment becomes increasingly crucial. This can help businesses make more informed decisions regarding their products and services, as well as better target their marketing campaigns. Additionally, sentiment analysis can be utilized to evaluate employee morale. Businesses can ensure a positive customer experience by gaining an understanding of customers' emotions.